Allow an OS to run on non-native hardware. a. Application program b. Virtualization c. Protection d. Emulation؟
إجابة الطالب المختصرة من خلال موقع بوابة الإجابات هي
Virtualization
The answer is **b. Virtualization** and **d. Emulation**. Here's why:
* **Virtualization:** Creates a virtual environment (a virtual machine or VM) that simulates the hardware required by the OS. The OS runs inside this VM, believing it's running on its native hardware. A hypervisor (Virtual Machine Monitor or VMM) manages the physical hardware resources and allocates them to the virtual machines. Common examples: VMware, VirtualBox, KVM.
* **Emulation:** Simulates the instruction set architecture (ISA) of a different processor. An emulator translates instructions from the guest OS's ISA to the host's ISA. This is often slower than virtualization because of the translation overhead. Examples: emulating older consoles, running ARM apps on x86.
While both allow an OS to run on non-native hardware, they do so with different approaches and trade-offs:
* **Virtualization** tries to present a *whole system*, allowing an entire guest OS to run with minimal changes.
* **Emulation** often focuses on running *specific applications* from a different system by mimicking the required processor and system calls.
**Why the other options are incorrect:**
* **a. Application program:** An application program is software designed to perform a specific task for a user, like a word processor or web browser. It doesn't provide the environment for an OS to run.
* **c. Protection:** Protection mechanisms in an OS are designed to prevent unauthorized access to system resources. They don't enable an OS to run on non-native hardware.
**In summary:** Virtualization and Emulation are the correct answers. Virtualization is more common for running entire OSes, while Emulation is more typical for running specific applications from foreign architectures.
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