نموذج اختبار ستيب | اللغة العربية الفصحى واللغة العربية الرسمية الحديثة
Classical Arabic and CA, or Fusha Arabic
Read the following passage and then answer the following questions
1. Classical Arabic العربية الكلاسيكية (CA, or Fus’ha Arabic العربية الفصحى ): The
term Classical Arabic (CA) refers to Fus’ha Arabic based on Quranic
Arabic, which was used during the early Islamic era , العصر الإسلامي الأول
from the emergence ظهور of Islam through the Umayyad caliphate الخلافة
الأاموية , up until the end of the Abbasid caliphate الخلافة العباسية . Towards the
end of the Abbasid dynasty rule, deviations اخطاء started to appear
(termed “Lahn” اللحن by Arab linguists اللغويين ), precluding بداية the
widespread انتشار of dialect Arabic " العربية العامية " اللهجات as a spoken form,
and the diglossia"فصحى وعامية " ازدواجية اللغة phenomenon ظاهرة in Arabic. CA
was based on the Arabic of the Arabian Peninsula شبه الجزيزة العربية during
the pre-Islam era " عصر ما قبل الاسلام " الجاهلية , which was in turn based on
Nabti نبطي Arabic. The early Islamic era introduced radical changes تغيرات
جذرية to Arabic, creating the register اسلوب we now know as CA. Some of
these changes were motivated حفزه by the need to unify Quran readings,
and others were motivated by enabling non-Arabs to learn Arabic as a
requirement to practice the rituals of Islam شعائر الاسلام . The latter included
adding dots and supplementary diacritics (tashkeel تشكيل الكلمات ) by Abu
al-Aswad al-Du'ali, أبو الاسود الدؤلي Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi, الخليل بن
احمد الفراهيدي and other scholars .علماء آخرون
2. Modern Standard Arabic (MSA): Modern Standard Arabic is the form of
Arabic used in modern day media وسائل الاعلام , including TV channels, print
and online newspapers and magazines, as well as official
correspondence. The emergence ظهور of MSA dates back to the collapse
of the Ottoman Empire, انهيار الامبراطورية العثمانية and the revival إحياء of Arabic
as a formal language in the Levant المشرق and North Africa. The
renaissance النهضة of Arabic was aided by the widespread of modern
printing press during the first half of the 20th century, with MSA starting to
take its distinctive form شكل مميز in its second half, influenced by modern
Arabic literature. أدب
3. Quran is considered the main medium وسيلة for CA. Other media include
Hadith (quotes from prophet Mohamad), and the literature of the
Umayyad and Abbasid eras, especially Arabic poetry شِعر and literature in
religious studies and philosophy. Literature translated to Arabic from
other languages in that era constitutes يُشكّل another important medium
for CA.
1. Classical Arabic ( CA) …………………
a. was also known as Fus'ha Arabic
b. was based on Quranic Arabic
c. was exposed to deviations towards the end of the Abbasid dynasty rule
d. ( A+B+C)
2. The changes that the Classical Arabic ( CA) underwent included
………..
a. adding only dots
b. adding dots and tashkeel ( diacritics)
c. adding only tashkeel
d. none of the above
3. The form of Arabic used in modern day media, including TV
channels, and print is called.................
a. Classical Arabic
b. diglossia phenomenon in Arabic
c. Spoken Arabic
d. Modern Standard Arabic
4.Classical Arabic can be easily found…...............
a. in Quran and Hadith
b. on TV channels, and print
c. in online newspapers and magazines,
d. in spoken Arabic
5.The best title for this passage could be……
a. Classical Arabic
b. Differences between Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic
c. Spoken Arabic
d. Modern Standard Arabic
